Managing runoff and erosion on croplands and pastures

Abstract

Runoff occurs when the rate of rainfall exceeds the rate that soil can absorb it (infiltration). Sediment transported to streams and lakes by runoff is the largest single pollutant of surface water. Sediment resulting from soil erosion causes considerable off-farm damage. Sediment can accumulate and fill in stream channels and lakes, disrupt aquatic reproduction and contribute to downstream flooding. It can also clog water filters, damage pumping equipment and shorten the economic life of reservoirs and farm ponds. While soil erosion is a natural process, the actions of man greatly affect the amount of soil eroded by wind and water. This assessment allows you to evaluate the environmental soundness of your practices relating to your management of croplands and pastures